The insertion of a mission into the lived landscape of a Native American population and the mission’s layout reflected an assessment of how the mission could function and achieve its aims among that population. Hunting and gathering populations required different layouts than agriculturists, and missionaries made decisions that often reflected their missionary works in Iberia and elsewhere, and the ignorance of Native Americans socio-cultural and ritual lives. Native American populations were not consulted. This talk will discuss the differences between missions established for hunting and gathering populations and for agriculturists and how those differences affected missionaries and Native Americans.