Neolithic chambered tombs are some of the oldest and most iconic monuments found in Scotland. Dating back almost 6,000 years, these stone monuments were build to hold the remains of the dead at a time of huge change for people living in Scotland as they began to farm the land, create new types of artefacts and adopt new lifestyles. New research into these sites can help to refine our understanding of when the Neolithic began in Scotland, as well as allowing us to find out more about the people who built these tombs. Hundreds of these monuments were visited and carefully surveyed by Audrey Henshall, an archaeologist who produced an incredible volume of work on Scottish prehistory, including the seminal volumes The Chambered Tombs of Scotland (1963, 1972) which still prove essential for researchers today. In 2024, Archaeology Scotland received funding from the Henshall Legacy Grant, via the Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, for ‘Scotland’s Earliest Megalithic Monuments’, a project aiming to celebrate the legacy of Henshall and fund three new excavations of chambered tombs. This talk will introduce Archaeology Scotland’s ‘Scotland’s Earliest Megalithic Monuments’ Project, as well as our surrounding work celebrating the legacy of the women who pioneered research into the Neolithic of the west coast of Scotland.